Short Notes on Ancient Indian Dynasties-I
Today we are going to discuss a very important topic from General Awareness which will be helpful for your upcoming Exams like UPSC, SSC, Railway, Bank and other exams.
# Chola Dynasty: The Chola Dynasty ruled in India from circa 301 BC - 1279 AD. They are regarded as the oldest among the royal families in South India.
The occupied a number of other territories including Srivijaya, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), the Maldives is lands, and Malaya. The dynasty is famous for their strong naval forces and business activities. The influence of their art and design is apparent in java and Sumatra Islands, Indonesia.
# Shishunaga Dynasty: Haryankas were overthrown by Sisunaga and he founded the Sisunaga dynasty there. Kalasoka the son and successor of Sisunaga was succeeded by Mahapadma Nanda dynasty. Ajatasatru's successor Udayin was the founder of the city of Pataliputra.
# Nanda Dynasty: Nanda Dynasty was another pre-Mauryan famous dynasty of ancient India. The Capital of Nanda Empire was Pataliputra. The Nanda kings were mighty, powerful and they ruled a vast area of India.
Mahapadma Nand (345-329 BCE) and Dhananand (329-321 BCE) were most famous kings of this dynasty.
# Haryanka dynasty: The Haryanka is the name of a new dynasty founded in Magadha by Bimbisara. Bimbisara founded the dynasty by defeating the Brihadrathas. Bimbisara was a contemporary of Buddha. Pataliputra and Rajagriha were the capitals of Magadhan kingdom. Magadha falls in the Patna region of Bihar.
# Pallava Dynasty: The Pallavas power reached its glorious heights during the reign of Narasimhavarman II (695-722 A.D) Who is well-known for his architectural achievements. The Cholas defeated king Aparajita and took over their kingdoms towards the close of the 9th century A.D.
# Chaulakya Dynasty: The Chaulakya Dynasty had their reign In India from 543-1156 A.D. Their dynasty can be divided into the following - the Chalukyas of Badami and Chalukyas of Kalyani. TheChalukyas of Badami ruled form 973-1156 A.D and the Chalukyas of Kalyani ruled form (543-757). The Dynasty was established by Plukeshin I. Kanchi or contemporary Badami served as teh capital of this king. The most notable monarch of this empire was pulkeshin II, the grandson of Pulkeshin I, who ruled from 609 to 642. He battled with king Harshavardhana and overpowered him on the river banks of the Narmada.
# Lodi Dynasty: The Lodi Dynasty had their reign In India Form 1451- 1526. The notable rulers of this dynasty are Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451- 1489), Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517), and Ibrahim Lodi (1517-1526).
It was Ibrahim Lodi who was overwhelmed by Babur who superseded the Delhi Sultanate with the Mughal Dynasty.
# Tughlaq Dynasty: The Tughlaq Dynasty had their command over the Indian territory form 1321-1398 A.D. The prominent rulers of the Tughlaq Dynasty are as follows:
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (1321- 1325), Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388), Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325-1351), Abu Bakr Shah (1389-1390), Ghiyas-Ud-Din Tughluq II (1388-1389), Mahmud Nasir Ud-Din (also known as Sultan Mahmud) at Delhi (1394-1413), Nasir Ud Din Muhammad Shah III (1390-1394), and Nusrat Shah at Firozabad.
# Kanishka: He is known as a great empire builder. Like Ashoka he patronized Buddhism. He patronized the Gandhara School of Art. The famous Indian physician Charaka and Buddhist scholar Nagarjuna lived during his reign. Ashwaghosh a Buddhist monk also lived in his time.
# Nanda Dynasty: The Nanda Dynasty reigned in the Country from 424-321 BCIRCA teh prominent rulers of this empire include Mahapadma Nanda (from 424 BC), Pandhuka, Panghupati, Bhutapala, Rashtrapala, Govishanaka, Dashasidkhaka, Kaivarta, and Dhana (also known as Xandrammes or Agrammes) (till 321 BC).
# Pandya Dynasty: The Pandya Dynasty had their regime in India Form 550 BC-1345. This empire is famous for the most extensive period of ruling in India. This dynasty reigned over the southernmost portion of the country and Madurai served as their Capital. When the Cholas overpowered Rajasimha II and subsequently assassinated Veera Pandya (946-966 A.D), the final monarch of the first Pandyan dynasty, it marked the end of the first Pandyan Empire.
# Remmember important Dynasties/Kings and their Capitals
Dynasty/King
|
Capital
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Bahmani
|
Gulbarga (Ahsanabad) and later Bidar (Muhammadabad)
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Satvahanas
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Pratisthana (Modern day Paithan in Maharashtra)
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Shivaji
|
Raigarh
|
Tipu Sultan
|
Srirengapatnam
|
Ranjit Singh
|
Lahore
|
Kakatiyas
|
Warangal
|
Later Chalukyas
|
Kalyani
|
Chalukyas
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Vatapi or Badami
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Pandyas
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Madurai
|
Pallavas
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Kanchi
|
Mauryan
|
Patliputra
|
Cholas
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Thanjavur and Gangaikonda Cholapuram
|
Harshavardhana
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Thanesar and later Kanauj
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